top of page

Neurodivergent Conditions

JUMP TO​

​A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | L | M | O | P | S | T | V​

  A  

____________________

 

  • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Neurodevelopmental condition characterised by difficulties with attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.​

​

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Differences in social communication, sensory processing, and repetitive behaviours. Autism is classified into three levels based on the degree of support an individual requires: Level 1 (requiring support), Level 2 (requiring substantial support), and Level 3 (requiring very substantial support).

​

  • Agnosia (Neurodevelopmental/Acquired)

Difficulty recognising objects, faces, sounds, or smells despite normal sensory function.

​

  • Alexithymia

Difficulty identifying and describing emotions; often co-occurs with autism.

​

  • Anxiety Disorders (Neurodivergent expression)

Includes conditions such as Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), panic disorder, and phobias, often overlapping with neurodivergent traits and executive functioning differences.

​

​​

​​

​

A

​  B  

____________________

 

  • Bipolar Disorder (Neurodivergent expression)

Mood regulation differences; some identify cognitive/emotional intensity as part of neurodivergence.​​
 

​

​

​

  C  

____________________

​​

  • Chronic Fatigue Syndrome / Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME, in neurodivergent context)

Often overlaps with neurodivergent sensory and energy regulation differences.

​

  • Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD)

Difficulty processing auditory information despite normal hearing.

​

  • Convergence Insufficiency 

A visual disorder where the eyes struggle to work together when focusing on near objects, often causing eye strain, headaches, and reading difficulties.

​

​​

​

​

​  D  

____________________

​​​

  • Dyscalculia

Difficulty with understanding numbers and math concepts.

​

  • Dysgraphia

Challenges with handwriting and written expression.

​

  • Dyslexia

Difficulty decoding, reading, and spelling words.

​

  • Dyspraxia (Developmental Coordination Disorder)

Impaired motor coordination, affecting movement, balance, and sometimes speech.

 

​​​

​​

​​

  E  

____________________

​​

  • Endometriosis

A condition in which cells similar to the lining of the uterus, or endometrium, grow outside the uterus.

​

  • Epilepsy (Neurodivergent overlap)

Neurological condition with seizures; some people with autism or ADHD also have epilepsy.

​​

​

​

​

  F  

____________________

​​​​

  • Fragile X Syndrome

Genetic condition causing intellectual disability, anxiety, and sensory differences.

​​

​​​

​​​

​​​

  G  

____________________

 

  • Gender Dysphoria

A diagnosis in the DSM-5-TR defined as clinically significant distress or impairment due to gender incongruence, which may include a desire to change primary and/or secondary sex characteristics. Not all transgender or gender diverse people experience gender dysphoria.

​

  • Gifted / Twice-Exceptional (2e)

High intellectual abilities alongside neurodivergent challenges like ADHD, autism, or learning disabilities.

​​

​​​

​​​

  H  

____________________

  • Hypermobility

A condition where joints move beyond the normal range of motion, often referred to as being 'double-jointed'. It can be an inherited trait, may occur by itself, or can be a symptom of an underlying connective tissue disorder such as Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder or Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.

​

​

​

  I  

____________________

 

  • Insomnia

Sleep disorder characterised by difficulty falling or staying asleep, which can lead to daytime fatigue, poor concentration, and mood changes.

​

  • Intellectual Disability

Limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive skills.

​

  • Intermittent Explosive Disorder

​Impulsive aggression outbursts; sometimes co-occurs with neurodivergence.​

​​

  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS, neurodivergent expression)

​Chronic gastrointestinal (GI) condition sometimes linked with neurodivergent traits like heightened sensory sensitivity, stress reactivity, and gut–brain axis differences.​

​

​​

​

​

  L  

____________________

 

  • Language Processing Disorder

Difficulty understanding, producing, or processing language.

​

  • Learning Disabilities

​Broad category including dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia.​

​

​​​

​​

​​

  M  

____________________

 

  • Mental Health Disorders

    • Anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder - GAD; Social Anxiety Disorder - SAD)

    • Bipolar Disorder

    • Depression (Major Depressive Disorder - MDD)

    • Eating Disorder

    • Obsessive‑Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

    • Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

    • Panic Disorder

    • Personality Disorder

    • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex variation (CPTSD)

    • Schizoaffective Disorder

​

  • Misophonia

Intense emotional reactions to certain sounds; sometimes co-occurs with autism or ADHD.

​

  • Mittelschmerz

The term for one-sided lower abdominal pain that occurs during ovulation, midway through the menstrual cycle. 

 

  • Mood Disorders (Neurodivergent expression)

​Differences in emotional regulation, including depression or anxiety as part of neurodivergent profiles.​

​

​​

​

​

M
O
P

  O  

____________________

 

  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Repetitive thoughts and behaviours; often linked with executive functioning differences.

​

  • Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

​Defiant or oppositional behaviours, frequently co-occurring with ADHD.​

​

​​

​​​​​

​

  P  

____________________

 

  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

A hormonal disorder characterised by irregular periods, excess hair growth, acne, and infertility.

 

  • Postnatal Depression (PND) 

A mood disorder that can affect new parents, causing symptoms like intense sadness, anxiety, and overwhelming feelings that make it difficult to care for a baby or function daily.

​

  • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD, in neurodivergent context)

Differences in processing trauma, often overlapping with sensory sensitivities.

​

  • Prader-Willi Syndrome

​Genetic condition affecting cognition, behaviour, and appetite. Slower cognitive processing, affecting learning and task completion.​

​

  • Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

A severe form of premenstrual syndrome that involves significant emotional and psychological distress before menstruation, with symptoms typically improving once a period begins.

 

  • Processing Speed Disorder

Slower cognitive processing, affecting learning and task completion.

​​

​​

​​

​​

  S  

____________________

 

  • Schizoaffective Disorder

Mood disorder with psychosis-like symptoms; sometimes included in neurodivergent discussions.

​

  • Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)

Over- or under-sensitivity to sensory input.

​

  • Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder

Difficulties with social aspects of communication without repetitive behaviors of autism.

​

  • Synesthesia

Cross-wired senses (e.g., seeing colors for numbers); some consider this a form of neurodivergence.

​

  • Specific Learning Disorders

Focused learning differences in reading, writing, or math.

​

  • Sleep Disorders (Neurodivergent expression)

Chronic sleep difficulties often associated with ADHD or autism.

​

  • Spina Bifida (Neurodivergent overlap)

Can involve cognitive differences alongside physical challenges.

​

  • Stroke / Acquired Brain Injury (Neurodivergent expression)

Can lead to cognitive, sensory, or communication differences.

​​​

​​

​​

​

  T  

____________________

 

  • Tourette Syndrome / Tic Disorders

Involuntary motor or vocal tics.

​

  • Trichotillomania

​Compulsive hair-pulling, sometimes linked to obsessive-compulsive traits.​

​

  • Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI, neurodivergent effects)

​Can cause lasting cognitive and sensory differences.

​

​​​

​​​

​​​

  V  

____________________

 

  • Visual Processing Disorder

Difficulty interpreting visual information despite normal eyesight.

​​

​​

​​​​

​

S
T
V
B
C
D
E
F
G
I
L
H
bottom of page